start bastext 1025
start tok64 d64-34Sbtx
1 RUN00010
10 GOSUB63100:sn$="00100"
100 POKE53281,15:POKE53280,12:PRINT"{black}":PRINT"{clear}{space*11}{reverse on}{blue}micros'n'chips-6"
101 PRINT"{red}{cm a}{sh asterisk*37}{cm s}":GOSUB63100
102 PRINT"{sh -} {reverse on}{blue}{space*9}the big picture{space*11}{red}{reverse off} {sh -}":ms$="ponzotutor"
103 PRINT"{red}{cm z}{sh asterisk*37}{cm x}{black}":GOSUB63200
104 ms$=" welcome! ":GOSUB63200:POKE53280,15
105 PRINT"{home}{down*10}Qnote{down}{left*4}{cm u*4}{up}:hit the @-key at any"
106 PRINT"{down}{space*6}time to return to an":PRINT"{down}{space*6}earlier section{.*3}":GOSUB50000
1000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-1
1001 sn$="01{0*3}"
1010 t$="a wee review":GOSUB63000:ms$="go!go!go!":GOSUB63300
1020 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qwe have the {reverse on}logic array{reverse off} which"
1021 PRINT"{down} receives the magic bits in loc'n 1"
1022 PRINT"{down} and the r/w{up}{left}F{down} line and the top hex"
1023 PRINT"{down} digit of the address bus & stuff from"
1024 PRINT"{down} the cartridge port{.*3}"
1025 PRINT"{down} and provides a bunch of chip enables."
1026 PRINT"{space*25}{cm u*12}":GOSUB50000
1029 GOSUB14000:GOSUB50000
1030 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qand one of the chip enables goes to"
1031 PRINT"{down} a {reverse on}2-to-4{reverse off} decoder which divides a 4k"
1032 PRINT"{down} block of memory into four 1k chunks"
1033 PRINT"{down} one of which gets divided again into"
1034 PRINT"{down} four 256-byte pieces{.*3}":GOSUB50000
1039 GOSUB10000:GOSUB50000
1040 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Q..and then there's {reverse on}sid{reverse off}..":GOSUB50000
1049 GOSUB11000:GOSUB50000
1050 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Q..and the{space*2}{reverse on}cia{reverse off}..":GOSUB50000
1059 GOSUB16000:GOSUB50000
1060 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Q..and good ol' {reverse on}vic{reverse off}..":GOSUB50000
1069 GOSUB13000:GOSUB50000
1070 PRINT"{clear}":ms$="remember?":GOSUB63200
1080 PRINT"{home}{down*4}Qlet's put them all together{.*3}":GOSUB50000
2000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-2
2001 sn$="02{0*3}":u$="{space*5}":v$="{sh asterisk*4}"
2010 PRINT"{clear}{down*10}":t$="the big picture":GOSUB63001:ms$="{space*2}ready?"
2020 GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
2030 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}":ms$="{reverse on}{space*2}got it? ":GOSUB63200
2035 PRINT"{home}{down*3}Q..well, a few wires 'n' chips are"
2036 PRINT"{down} missing but you get the {reverse on}big picture{reverse off}?"
2040 GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999:GOSUB50000
2050 PRINT"{clear}{down*4}Qcan you find the {reverse on}6510{reverse off}?":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
2055 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{home}{down*2}{right*14}{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}":GOSUB50000:u$="{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}"
2060 PRINT"{clear}{down*4}Qcan you find the {reverse on}data bus{reverse off}?":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999:v$="data"
2065 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{home}{down*8}{right*22}data":GOSUB50000
3000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-3
3001 sn$="03{0*3}":u$="{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}":v$="data"
3002 t$="one-at-a-time{.*3}":GOSUB63000
3010 PRINT"{down*2}Qnote the {reverse on}bit0{reverse off} to {reverse on}bit2{reverse off} response"
3020 PRINT"{down} from the {reverse on}6510{reverse off}. they 'live' at loc'n 1{down}{left*7}{cm u*7}"
3030 PRINT"{down}Qunlike a memory location these bits"
3040 PRINT"{down} don't appear when the address bus"
3050 PRINT"{down} has a {reverse on}1{reverse off}(decimal)={0*4} {0*4} {0*4} {0*3}1"
3060 PRINT"{down} but are always provided by {reverse on}6510{reverse off}!"
3070 PRINT"{down}Qthese bits and the three bits for the"
3080 PRINT"{down} cassette drive constitute an {reverse on}i/o port"
3090 PRINT"{down} {.*3}accessed via location 1!":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3100 y=2:x=7:m$="{reverse on}loram ":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3101 y=3:x=7:m$="{reverse on}hiram ":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3102 y=4:x=7:m$="{reverse on}charen":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3103 y=1:x=15:m$="{reverse on}cassette (3 bits)":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3104 GOSUB50000
3110 PRINT"{clear}{down*3}Qthe array of gates living inside the"
3120 PRINT"{down} the {reverse on}logic array{reverse off} also receives 4 bits"
3125 PRINT"{down} from the address bus (a12 to a15).":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3130 y=14:x=7:m$="{reverse on}l{down}{left}o{down}{left}g{down}{left}i{down}{left}c":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3131 y=10:x=5:m$="{reverse on}a15":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3132 y=11:x=5:m$="{reverse on}to ":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3133 y=12:x=5:m$="{reverse on}a12":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3140 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qthe next 4 bits from the address bus"
3150 PRINT"{down} also go to the {reverse on}2-to-4{reverse off} decoders.":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3151 y=19:x=16:m$="{reverse on}a11":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3152 y=20:x=16:m$="{reverse on}a10":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3153 y=22:x=25:m$="{reverse on}a9":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3154 y=23:x=25:m$="{reverse on}a8":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3160 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qthe enable outputs from the logic"
3170 PRINT"{down} array will (depending upon the inputs"
3180 PRINT"{down} to this chip) enable some {reverse on}rom{reverse off}s{.*3}":GOSUB50000
3190 PRINT"{down} {.*3}or disable them!":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3200 y=11:x=10:m$="{reverse on}basic":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3201 y=12:x=18:m$="{reverse on}char":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3202 y=13:x=24:m$="{reverse on}kernal":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3210 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qone of the enable outputs from this"
3220 PRINT"{down} logic array chip also enables a {reverse on}2-to-4"
3230 PRINT"{down} decoder which provides enables for"
3240 PRINT"{down} yet some more chips!":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3241 y=18:x=20:m$="{reverse on}2 {down}{left*2}to{down}{left*2} 4":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3242 GOSUB50000
3244 y=10:x=29:m$="{reverse on}col":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3245 y=8:x=34:m$="{reverse on}vic":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3246 y=15:x=36:m$="{reverse on}s{down}{left}i{down}{left}d":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3247 y=22:x=29:m$="{reverse on}2 {down}{left*2}to{down}{left*2} 4":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3250 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}{down}Qand then there's {reverse on}64k{reverse off} of ram..":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3251 y=5:x=27:m$="{reverse on}64k{down}{left*3}of {down}{left*3}ram":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3260 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qand who enables this ram?":ms$="i give up!"
3270 GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000:PRINT"{home}{down*10}Qthe great {reverse on}video chip":GOSUB50000
3280 PRINT"{down} with ras{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down} and cas{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}!":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3290 y=7:x=34:m$="{reverse on}ras":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3291 y=5:x=34:m$="{reverse on}cas":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3300 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qand while {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to ram it cuts"
3310 PRINT"{down} off the {reverse on}6510{reverse off} by disabling the "
3320 PRINT"{down} {reverse on}data selector{reverse off} chip which provides"
3330 PRINT"{down} the row and column addresses for {reverse on}ram{reverse off}."
3340 PRINT"{down}Q{reverse on}vic{reverse off} disables this {reverse on}sel{reverse off} chip with aec"
3345 PRINT"{down} the {reverse on}a{reverse off}ddress {reverse on}e{reverse off}nable {reverse on}c{reverse off}ontrol.":GOSUB50000
3346 ms$="{reverse on}{space*3}wow!{space*3}":GOSUB63200
3350 GOSUB14999:y=4:x=21:m$="{reverse on}s{down}{left}e{down}{left}l":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3351 y=6:x=34:m$="{reverse on}aec":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3360 PRINT"{clear}{down*4}Qand why does cas{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down} go to {reverse on}sel{reverse off}?":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3370 y=5:x=34:m$="{reverse on}cas":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3371 y=4:x=21:m$="{reverse on}s{down}{left}e{down}{left}l":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
3380 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Q'cause the ram memory chips take"
3390 PRINT"{down} their address bits 8-at-a-time and"
3400 PRINT"{down} and cas{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down} (from ol' {reverse on}vic{reverse off}) feeds"
3410 PRINT"{down} the ram the bottom 8{.*3}then the top 8"
3420 PRINT"{down} by routing the appropriate 8 bits"
3430 PRINT"{down} thru' the {reverse on}data selector{reverse off}!":GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
3431 y=5:x=34:m$="{reverse on}cas":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
3432 y=4:x=21:m$="{reverse on}s{down}{left}e{down}{left}l":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
4000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-4
4001 sn$="04{0*3}":u$="{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}":v$="data"
4002 t$="enter the quarterback{.*3}":GOSUB63000
4010 t$="the 6510 !":GOSUB63001:GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
4020 pp=19:FORu=0TO8:b$(u)="{reverse on}"+b$(u):NEXT:GOSUB15025:GOSUB50000
4030 PRINT"{clear}";:GOSUB17000:GOSUB50000
4040 y=17:x=21:m$="{reverse on}phase 0 clk":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
4050 GOSUB50000:ms$="beg pardon":GOSUB63300
4060 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qthe 'original' clock signal (generated"
4070 PRINT"{down} from a crystal) is called {reverse on}phase 0"
4080 PRINT"{down} and goes to the {reverse on}6510{reverse off} and{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} {reverse on}vic{reverse off}."
4090 PRINT"{down}Qthe {reverse on}6510{reverse off} in turn generates {reverse on}phase 2":GOSUB50000
4091 PRINT"{down}Qin the earlier version of this"
4092 PRINT"{down} mpu (the {reverse on}6502{reverse off}), phase 0{down}{left*7}{cm u*7}"
4093 PRINT" was received as input and two{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} clock"
4094 PRINT"{down} signals came out : {reverse on}phase 1{reverse off} & {reverse on}phase 2{reverse off}"
4095 PRINT"{down}Qin the {reverse on}c64{reverse off}: phase 0 = phase 1"
4096 PRINT"{space*13}{cm u*17}":GOSUB50000
4097 PRINT"{clear}":ms$="mamma mia!":GOSUB63200
4100 PRINT"{clear}";:GOSUB17000:GOSUB50000
4110 y=19:x=27:m$="{reverse on}ready":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
4120 ms$="{reverse on}{space*2}ready?{space*2}{reverse off}":GOSUB63300
4130 PRINT"{clear}Qthe {reverse on}6510{reverse off} can be told to go to sleep"
4140 PRINT"{down} (for awhile{.*3}) by setting the"
4150 PRINT"{down} {reverse on}ready{reverse off} pin to {reverse on}0{reverse off}."
4160 PRINT"{down}Qthe {reverse on}6510{reverse off} will complete any write"
4165 PRINT"{down} it may be doing, then will promptly"
4170 PRINT"{down} extricate itself from communication"
4180 PRINT"{down} with the world outside itself!"
4200 PRINT"{down}Qshould you want to have an external"
4210 PRINT"{down} microprocessor control the micro then"
4220 PRINT"{down} just tell {reverse on}6510{reverse off} to go to sleep!"
4221 PRINT"{space*19}{cm u*11}":GOSUB50000
4230 PRINT"{clear}";:GOSUB17000:GOSUB50000
4231 y=22:x=26:m$="{reverse on}aec":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
4240 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qthe {reverse on}a{reverse off}dress {reverse on}e{reverse off}nable {reverse on}c{reverse off}ontrol pin"
4250 PRINT"{down} when pulled low (={reverse on}0{reverse off}) will tell the"
4260 PRINT"{down} {reverse on}6510{reverse off} to get off the address bus!":GOSUB50000
4270 PRINT"{down}Qand can you guess who in the c64"
4280 PRINT"{down} controls the aec{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up}?":GOSUB50000
4290 PRINT"{down}Qnow who would want to take control of"
4295 PRINT"{down} the address bus (from time to time)?":GOSUB50000
4300 PRINT"{down*2}":t$="the video chip":GOSUB63001:pp=50:GOSUB14999
4310 y=3:x=15:m$="{reverse on}{arrow left*2}aec{arrow left*3}Q":FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
4320 t$="..a few final connections{.*3}":GOSUB63000:GOSUB50000:GOSUB14999
4330 m$(0)=" {arrow left}{sh asterisk*10}"
4340 m$(1)="Q^{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}"
4350 FORi=1TO10:y=1+20*RND(1):x=1+25*RND(1):m$=m$(2*RND(1))
4360 FORj=1TO2:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:NEXT:ms$="{reverse on}jes kiddin{reverse off}":GOSUB63200
5000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-5
5001 sn$="05{0*3}":u$="{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}":v$="data"
5010 t$="enter the coach{.*3}":GOSUB63000:t$="bic vic !":GOSUB63001:GOSUB50000
5100 GOSUB15000:crt=1024:IFPEEK(0)<>47THENcrt=32768
5110 bg=crt+60:FORi=0TO7:FORj=0TO19:pk=bg+40*i+j:POKEpk,PEEK(pk)OR128:NEXT:NEXT
5120 GOSUB50000:GOSUB13000:ms$=" ol' vic":GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000
5130 GOSUB12000:ms$="{space*2}data":GOSUB63200:ms$="{space*2}select":GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000
5140 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qlet's review how {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to memory."
5150 PRINT"{down}Qremember that {reverse on}vic{reverse off} can supply only"
5160 PRINT"{down} 14 of 16 address bus bits, and it"
5170 PRINT"{down} does so by putting a0-a7 on the bus"
5180 PRINT"{down} (for the row address) then a8-a13"
5190 PRINT"{down} (for the column address) and"
5200 PRINT"{down} {reverse on}cia #2{reverse off} provides a14{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down} & a15{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}."
5210 PRINT"{down}Qthe top two bits of these groups-"
5220 PRINT"{down} -of-8 are either a6/a7 (from {reverse on}vic{reverse off})"
5230 PRINT"{down} or a14/a15 (from {reverse on}cia #2{reverse off}).":GOSUB50000
5240 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qwhile {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to memory it keeps"
5250 PRINT"{down} the {reverse on}a{reverse off}ddress {reverse on}e{reverse off}nable {reverse on}c{reverse off}ontrol line"
5260 PRINT"{down} low (={reverse on}0{reverse off}) and this disconnects"
5270 PRINT"{down} the address lines from {reverse on}6510{reverse off} and"
5280 PRINT"{down} connects the {reverse on}vic{reverse off} address lines to"
5290 PRINT"{down} memory."
5300 PRINT"{down}Qwhen the {reverse on}vic{reverse off} puts aec=1 then {reverse on}6510{reverse off}"
5310 PRINT"{down} is connected to memory and {reverse on}vic{reverse off}"
5320 PRINT"{down} is disconnected.":ms$="let's see!":GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000
5340 PRINT"{clear}{down*3}Qwe start with {reverse on}aec=0{reverse off} so {reverse on}vic{reverse off} is"
5350 PRINT"{down} in control of memory accesses{.*4}"
5360 PRINT"{down}Qremember: the {reverse on}data selector{reverse off} chip"
5370 PRINT"{down} inverts{down}{left*7}{cm u*7}{up} the signals!":GOSUB50000
5380 GOSUB63100
5400 GOSUB18000:y=10:x=22:m$="{reverse on}a7{down}{left*2}a6":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
5410 y=20:x=22:m$="{reverse on}a5{down}{left*2}a4{down}{left*2}a3{down}{left*2}a2{down}{left*2}a1{down}{left*2}a0{home}"
5420 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:p$="{home}{right*19}{down}"
5430 PRINTp$"Qcas{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}=1 and ras{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}=0"
5440 PRINTp$"{down*2} and a6/a7 get thru'":PRINTp$"{down*4} data select chip.":GOSUB50000
5450 y=18:x=4:m$="{reverse on}a7{down}{left*2}a6{down}{left*2}a5{down}{left*2}a4{down}{left*2}a3{down}{left*2}a2{down}{left*2}a1{down}{left*2}a0{home}"
5460 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000:GOSUB18000
5470 PRINTp$"Qcas{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}=0 and ras{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}=1"
5480 PRINTp$"{down*2} & a14/a15 get thru'":PRINTp$"{down*4} data select chip."
5490 y=20:x=25:m$="{reverse on}a13{down}{left*3}a12{down}{left*3}a11{down}{left*3}a10{down}{left*3}a9{down}{left*2}a8{home}"
5500 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:y=13:x=10
5505 m$="{reverse on}a15{down*2}{left*3}a14":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
5510 y=18:x=4:m$="{reverse on}a15{down}{left*3}a14{down}{left*3}a13{down}{left*3}a12{down}{left*3}a10{down}{left*3}a11{down}{left*3}a10{down}{left*3}a9{home}"
5520 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
5530 GOSUB18000:PRINTp$"Q{reverse on}note{reverse off}:a15/a14{up}{left*7}{F*3} {F*3}{down} go"
5531 PRINTp$"{down*2}thru once and"
5535 PRINTp$"{down*4}are inverted.":GOSUB50000
5540 y=13:x=10:m$="{reverse on}a15{down*2}{left*3}a14":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
5580 y=8:x=0:m$="{reverse on}a15{down*2}{left*2}a14":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
5590 GOSUB18000:PRINTp$"Q{reverse on}but{reverse off}:a6/a7 go thru":PRINTp$"{down*2} twice and come"
5600 PRINTp$"{down*4} out: a6/a7!!":GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}{down*6}Qwatch a6 come out!"
5605 GOSUB50000:GOSUB18000
5610 a6$="{home}{down*5}{right*2}{reverse on}{cm w}{left*2}{sh asterisk}{left*2}{cm z}{left}{up}^{up}{left}{sh -}{up}{left}^{up}{left}{sh -}{up}{left}{cm a}{sh asterisk*11}{cm s}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh +}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh +}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh +}"
5620 a6$=a6$+"{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh +}{down}{left}{cm x}{left*2}{sh asterisk}{left*2}{arrow left}{left*2}{cm q}{left*8}{up}{cm w}{left*2}{cm a}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{sh -}{down}{left}{cm x}"
5700 a6$=a6$+"{left*2}{arrow left}{left*2}{cm q}":la=LEN(a6$):FORi=1TOla:PRINTMID$(a6$,i,1);
5710 FORt=1TO50:NEXT:NEXT:GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}":ms$="magnifico!":GOSUB63300
6000 GOSUB63100:REM micros-6
6001 sn$="06{0*3}":u$="{arrow left}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}":v$="data"
6010 t$="when vic talks..":GOSUB63000:ms$="{space*2}listen!":GOSUB63300
6020 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qwhen {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to ram{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} the "
6030 PRINT"{down} a0-a7 then a8-a15 (ras/cas)"
6040 PRINT"{down} trick is ok."
6050 PRINT"{down}Qbut when {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to rom{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} it's "
6060 PRINT"{down} {reverse on}not{down}{left*3}{reverse off}{E*3}{up} ok!":GOSUB50000
6070 PRINT"{down}Qthe 4k character rom needs 12 address"
6080 PRINT"{down} bus wires to identify one of 2^12=4k"
6090 PRINT"{down} internal memory locations.":ms$="{space*2}a0-a11":GOSUB63200:GOSUB50000
6095 PRINT"{clear}{down*8}{.*3}and it needs them all at once!":GOSUB50000
6100 PRINT"{clear}{down*3}Qnow we know that ol' vic has a0-a7":GOSUB50000
6110 GOSUB18000:y=10:x=22:m$="{reverse on}a7{down}{left*2}a6":FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
6120 y=20:x=22:m$="{reverse on}a5{down}{left*2}a4{down}{left*2}a3{down}{left*2}a2{down}{left*2}a1{down}{left*2}a0{home}"
6130 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
6140 PRINT"{clear}{down*2}Qand we know that ol' vic has a8-a11.":GOSUB50000:GOSUB18000
6150 y=22:x=25:m$="{reverse on}a11{down}{left*3}a10{down}{left*3}a9{down}{left*2}a8{home}"
6160 FORi=1TO5:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:y=13:x=10:GOSUB50000
6170 PRINT"{clear}{down*3}{.*3}if {reverse on}vic{reverse off} could only get these"
6180 PRINT"{down} out to the rom at the same time as"
6190 PRINT"{down} a0-a7..":GOSUB50000:ms$="!#$%'&*+=":GOSUB63300
6195 PRINT"{home}{down*14}Qlet's fix up the {reverse on}vic{reverse off} picture..":GOSUB50000
6200 GOSUB13000:GOSUB50000:GOSUB19000:GOSUB50000
6210 y=9:x=18:m$="{reverse on}a11{down}{left*3}a10{down}{left*3}a9 {down}{left*3}a8 "
6220 FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT
6260 y=9:x=23:m$="{reverse on}4 new {down}{left*6} pins {down}{left*6}on vic{down}{left*6}{space*6}"
6270 FORi=1TO10:GOSUB54310:GOSUB54300:NEXT:GOSUB50000
6280 PRINT"{clear}{down}Qnow{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} {reverse on}vic{reverse off} can talk to the character"
6290 PRINT"{down} rom (and extract the pixel patterns"
6300 PRINT"{down} which go to make up the characters"
6310 PRINT"{down} appearing on the screen:a,b,1,*,=,etc)."
6320 PRINT"{down}Qremember that {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to memory"
6330 PRINT"{down} when aec=0 (and {reverse on}6510{reverse off} is cut off!)"
6340 PRINT"{down}Qthen, when {reverse on}vic{reverse off} sets aec=1, {reverse on}6510{reverse off} talks.":GOSUB50000
6350 PRINT"{clear}{down}Q..and when {reverse on}vic{reverse off} talks to ram{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} it"
6360 PRINT"{down} provides a0-a7 then a8-a13 (and {reverse on}cia#2"
6370 PRINT"{down} provides a14{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down}/a15{up}{left*3}{F*3}{down})"
6380 PRINT"{down}Qand when he talks to rom{down}{left*3}{cm u*3}{up} {reverse on}vic{reverse off}"
6390 PRINT"{down} provides a0-a11 all-at-once!":ms$="great vic!":GOSUB63200
9000 GOSUB50000:PRINT"{clear}":ms$="au revoir!":GOSUB63200:sn$="{0*3}10":GOSUB63520:END
10000 PRINT"{clear}{space*6}{cm a}{sh asterisk*4}{cm s}
10010 PRINT" a11{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk*3}video
10020 PRINT" a10{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk*3}sound
10030 PRINT"{space*6}{sh -}{reverse on}2to4{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*3}colour
10040 PRINT"{space*6}{sh -}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm s}
10050 PRINT"{space*6}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm r}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x} {sh -}
10060 PRINT" {F*3}{space*4}^{space*4}{sh -} {cm a}{sh asterisk*4}{cm s}
10070 PRINT" ce1{sh asterisk*4}{cm x}{space*4}{sh -} {sh -}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}to cia #1
10080 PRINT" {^*3}{space*6}a9{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}to cia #2
10090 PRINT"from{space*6}a8{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{reverse on}2to4{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s}
10100 PRINT"logic{space*8}{sh -} {sh -}{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm s}{sh -}
10110 PRINT"array{space*8}{sh -} {cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm r}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x} {sh -*2}
10120 PRINT"{space*10}{F*3}{sh -}{space*3}^{space*4}{sh -*2}
10130 PRINT"{space*10}ce2{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x}{space*4}{sh -*2}
10140 PRINT"{space*15}{reverse on}{cm e*10}"
10150 PRINT"{space*15}{reverse on}cartridge "
10160 RETURN
11000 PRINT"{clear}{sh asterisk*9}Q{sh asterisk}
11010 PRINT"{sh asterisk*8}Q{sh +}{sh asterisk}
11020 PRINT"{sh asterisk*7}Q{sh +*2}{sh asterisk}
11030 PRINT"{sh asterisk*6}Q{sh +*3}{sh asterisk}
11040 PRINT"{sh asterisk*5}Q{sh +*4}{sh asterisk}
11050 PRINT"{sh asterisk*4}Q{sh +*5}{sh asterisk}
11060 PRINT"{sh asterisk*3}Q{sh +*6}{sh asterisk}
11070 PRINT"{sh asterisk*2}Q{sh +*7}{sh asterisk}
11080 PRINT" {cm a}{cm e*8}{cm s}
11090 PRINT" {sh -}FF{space*6}{sh -}
11100 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}ceR{space*5}{sh -}
11110 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}r/w{space*5}{sh -}
11120 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}potx{space*4}{cm q}{sh asterisk}Q{sh asterisk}sound output
11130 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}poty{space*4}{sh -} {sh -} (monitor)
11140 PRINT" {sh -}{space*8}{sh -} {sh -}
11150 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a4{space*2}{reverse on}sid{reverse off} {sh -} {cm z}{sh asterisk}to rf modulator
11160 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a3{space*6}{sh -}{space*3}(for tv set)
11170 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a2{space*6}{sh -}
11180 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a1{space*6}{sh -}
11190 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a0{space*6}{sh -}
11200 PRINT" {cm z}{sh asterisk*8}{cm x}
11210 RETURN
12000 PRINT"{clear}{space*10}{cm a}{sh asterisk*9}{cm s}
12010 PRINT"{space*10}{sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk*7}{cm s}{sh -}
12020 PRINT"{space*10}{sh -*2} {cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s} {sh -*2}
12030 PRINT"a7{sh asterisk*2}Q{sh asterisk*5}{sh +*2}{sh asterisk}{cm w}y3 {cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{sh -}
12040 PRINT"a6{sh asterisk}Q{sh +}{sh asterisk*5}{sh +*2}{sh asterisk}{cm w}y2 {cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x}
12050 PRINT"{space*3}{sh -*2}{space*5}{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm w}y1 {cm q}{sh asterisk*4}{space*3}to"
12060 PRINT"{space*3}{sh -*2}{space*5}{cm z}{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}y0 {cm q}{sh asterisk*4}{space*3}ram"
12070 PRINT"{space*3}{sh -*2}{space*8}{sh -}{space*3}{sh -}"
12080 PRINT"{space*3}{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk*8}{cm w}x3 {sh -}
12090 PRINT"{sh space}{space*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*9}{cm w}x2 {sh -}
12100 PRINT"port a:a15{space*2}{sh asterisk}{cm w}x1 {cm q}{arrow left}select{space*10}"
12110 PRINT"port a:a14{space*2}{sh asterisk}{cm w}x0 {cm q}{arrow left}cut off output"
12120 PRINT"{space*13}{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x}
12130 RETURN
13000 PRINT"{clear}{space*6}8 wires{space*2}{sh asterisk}Q{sh asterisk}"
13010 PRINT"{space*2}of data bus{sh asterisk}Q{sh +*2} {cm a}{sh asterisk*2}+12 volts"
13020 PRINT"{space*14}{sh -}.{sh -} {sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk}+5 volts"
13030 PRINT"{space*12}{cm a}{sh asterisk}{cm e*3}{sh asterisk}{cm e*2}{sh asterisk}{cm s}
13040 PRINT"{space*2}14 wires {sh asterisk}{cm w}{sh space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}luminance
13050 PRINT"{space*4}of{space*3}{.*3}{cm w}{sh space*8}{sh -}
13060 PRINT"address bus{sh asterisk}{cm w}{sh space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}colour
13070 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13080 PRINT"{space*6}ras {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13090 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13100 PRINT"{space*6}cas {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13110 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13120 PRINT"{space*6}irq {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13130 PRINT"{space*8}F{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13140 PRINT"{space*6}r/w {sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*2}{reverse on}vic{reverse off}{space*3}{sh -}
13150 PRINT"{space*12}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13160 PRINT"light pen!{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13170 PRINT"{space*7}FF{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13180 PRINT"{space*7}ce {sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13190 PRINT"{space*12}{sh -}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}aec"
13200 PRINT" clock in {sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*8}{sh -}
13210 PRINT"{space*12}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
13220 PRINT"clock out {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}ground"
13230 PRINT"{space*12}{cm z}{sh asterisk*8}{cm x}{home}"
13240 RETURN
14000 PRINT"{clear}{down}{space*6}{cm a}{sh asterisk*5}{cm s}":FORi=1TO10:PRINT"{space*5}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*5}{cm q}{sh asterisk}":NEXT
14010 PRINT"{space*3}{sh space}{space*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*5}{cm x}":r$="{sh asterisk*2}":s$="{sh asterisk}"
14020 PRINT"{home}{down*2}{reverse on}a15{reverse off}"r$:PRINT"{reverse on}a14{reverse off}"r$:PRINT"{reverse on}a13{reverse off}"r$:PRINT"{reverse on}a12{reverse off}"r$
14030 PRINT"r/w"r$:PRINT"{reverse on}bit0{reverse off}"s$:PRINT"{reverse on}bit1{reverse off}"s$:PRINT"{reverse on}bit2{reverse off}"s$
14040 PRINT"{space*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{right*7}{sh asterisk*4}{cm s}"
14050 PRINT"{space*2}{sh -} {cm a}{sh asterisk}{right*7}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s} {sh -}"
14060 PRINT"{home}{down*6}{right*12}{sh -} {down}{left*2}{sh -} {down}{left*2}{sh -} {down}{left*2}{sh -} "
14061 PRINT"{home}{down*5}{right*7}{reverse on}logic{reverse off}{down*2}{left*5}{reverse on}array":PRINT"{home}{down}"
14070 PRINTTAB(14)"basic roms($a{0*3}-$b{f*3})":GOSUB50000
14080 PRINTTAB(14)"char rom{space*2}($d{0*3}-$d{f*3})":GOSUB50000
14090 PRINTTAB(14)"kernal rom($e{0*3}-${f*4})":GOSUB50000
14100 PRINTTAB(14)"input/output enable":GOSUB50000
14110 PRINT"{home}{down*13} {reverse on}exrom{up}{left*4}^":GOSUB50000
14120 PRINT"{home}{down*13}{space*3}{reverse on}game{up}{left*3}^":GOSUB50000
14130 PRINT"{home}{down*13}{space*14}{reverse on}roml{up}{left*3}v{down*2}{left*3}$8{0*3}-":GOSUB50000
14140 PRINT"{home}{down*13}{space*16}{reverse on}romh{up}{left*3}v{down*2}{left*5}$a{0*3}- or $e{0*3}-"
14145 GOSUB50000
14146 PRINT"{home}{down*13}{space*20}{reverse on}{up}{left*3}v{down*2}{left*5}{reverse off}{space*16}"
14147 PRINT"{home}{down*13}{reverse on}{cm e*20}"
14148 PRINT"{reverse on}{space*3}cartridge port{space*3}"
14150 PRINT"{down*2}{reverse on}bit0{reverse off}=loram{up}{left*5}{F*5}{down}{space*2}(ce{up}{left*2}FF{down} for $a{0*3}-$b{f*3})"
14151 PRINT"{down}{reverse on}bit1{reverse off}=hiram{up}{left*5}{F*5}{down}{space*2}(ce{up}{left*2}FF{down} for $e{0*3}-${f*4})"
14152 PRINT"{down}{reverse on}bit2{reverse off}=charen{up}{left*6}{F*6}{down} (ce{up}{left*2}FF{down} for $d{0*3}-$d{f*3})"
14160 RETURN
14999 PRINT"{clear}";
15000 b$(0)="{space*6}{cm a}{sh asterisk*6}{cm s}{cm a}cassette"
15001 b$(1)="{cm a}{sh asterisk*4}{arrow left}{cm w}loram {cm q}{cm x}{space*6}{cm a}{sh asterisk*10}{cm s}"
15002 b$(2)="{sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{arrow left}{cm w}hiram {sh -}"+u$+" {cm a}{cm e}{cm s}{cm a}{sh asterisk*7}{cm s}{sh -}{space*5}"
15003 b$(3)="{sh -*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*2}{arrow left}{cm w}charen{sh -}addr{space*2}{sh -}{reverse on}s{reverse off}{cm q}{cm x}{space*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}{sh -*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}"
15004 b$(4)="{sh -*3} {sh asterisk}{arrow left}{cm w}phase2{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm r}{sh asterisk*3}{cm w}{reverse on}e{reverse off}{sh -}{space*3}{sh -}{reverse on}64k{reverse off}{cm q}{arrow left}{cm e}{cm w}cas{sh -}"
15005 b$(5)="{sh -*3}{cm a}{sh asterisk}{arrow left}{cm w}r/w{space*3}{cm q}{cm r}{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s}{sh -}{reverse on}l{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*3}{cm w}{reverse on}of {reverse off}{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm w}aec{sh -}"
15006 b$(6)="{sh -*4}{space*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*6}{cm x}{sh -} {sh -}{space*2}{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{space*2}{cm a}{cm w}{reverse on}ram{reverse off}{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}ras{sh -}"
15007 b$(7)="{sh -*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*10}{sh +}{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk*2}{sh +}{sh asterisk*5}{cm x}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x}{space*2}{sh -}{reverse on}vic{reverse off}{sh -}"
15008 b$(8)="{sh -*4}{cm a}{sh asterisk*7}{cm r}{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm r}"+v$+"{cm r}{cm x}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x}"
15009 b$(9)="{sh -*5}a15 {cm a}{sh asterisk*2}{cm e}{sh asterisk}{cm e}{cm s}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm r}{sh asterisk}{sh +}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s} {sh -} {sh -}{reverse on}col{reverse off}{sh -} ^{space*2}"
15010 b$(10)="{sh -*5}to{space*2}{sh -}{reverse on}basic{reverse off}{sh -*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk}{cm e}{sh asterisk}{cm e}{cm s} {sh -} {sh -} {cm z}{sh asterisk*2}{cm r}{cm x} {sh -}{space*2}"
15011 b$(11)="{sh -*5}a12 {cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm r}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x}{sh -*2}{reverse on}char{reverse off}{sh -}{cm a}{cm e}{sh asterisk}{cm e}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}^{space*2}{sh -}{space*2}"
15012 b$(12)="{sh -*5} {cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}^{space*4}{sh -}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x}{sh -}{reverse on}kernal{reverse off}{sh -*2}{space*2}{sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk}{cm s}"
15013 b$(13)="{sh -*4}{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{reverse on}l{reverse off} {reverse on}a{reverse off}{cm q}{cm x}{space*4}{sh -} ^{space*4}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*5}{cm x}{sh -}{space*2}{sh -*2} {sh -}"
15014 b$(14)="{sh -*3}{cm z}{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{reverse on}o{reverse off} {reverse on}r{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*5}{sh +}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{space*5}^{space*6}{sh -}{space*2}{sh -*2}{reverse on}s{reverse off}{sh -}"
15015 b$(15)="{sh -*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm w}{reverse on}g{reverse off} {reverse on}r{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*5}{sh +}{sh asterisk*7}{cm x}{space*6}{sh -}{space*2}{sh -*2}{reverse on}i{reverse off}{cm q}"
15016 b$(16)="{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk*4}{cm w}{reverse on}i{reverse off} {reverse on}a{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*4}{cm s}{sh -}{space*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s}{space*8}{sh -}{space*2}{sh -*2}{reverse on}d{reverse off}{cm q}"
15017 b$(17)="{cm z}{sh asterisk*5}{cm w}{reverse on}c{reverse off} {reverse on}y{reverse off}{sh -}{space*4}{sh -*2}{space*2}{sh -}{reverse on}2 {reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*8}{cm x}{space*2}{sh -*2} {cm q}"
15018 b$(18)="{space*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*3}{cm w}{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s} {sh -}a11{cm w}{reverse on}to{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*11}{cm x}{cm z}{cm r}{cm x}"
15019 b$(19)="{space*2}{sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk*2}{cm w}{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm s}{sh -} {sh -}a10{cm w}{reverse on} 4{reverse off}{cm q}{sh asterisk*13}{cm x}"
15020 b$(20)="{space*2}{sh -*2}{space*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x} {sh -*2} {sh -*2}{space*2}{sh -}{space*2}{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm s}{space*3}{cm a}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s}"
15021 b$(21)="{space*2}{sh -*2}{space*8}{sh -*2} {sh -*2}{space*2}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk}{cm x} {sh -}a9{sh asterisk}{cm w}{reverse on}2 {reverse off}{cm q}cia#1"
15022 b$(22)="{space*2}{cm e*12} {cm z}{sh +}{sh asterisk*3}{cm x}{space*3}{sh -}a8{sh asterisk}{cm w}{reverse on}to{reverse off}{sh -}"
15023 b$(23)=" {reverse on}cartridge port{reverse off} {cm z}{sh asterisk*7}{sh +}{cm x}{space*2}{sh -}{reverse on} 4{reverse off}{cm q}cia#2"
15025 PRINT"{home}";:FORu9=b0TOb1:PRINTLEFT$(b$(u9),pp):NEXT:RETURN
16000 PRINT"{clear}{down*3}";
16010 PRINT"dataQ{sh asterisk*2}
16020 PRINT"{sh asterisk}bus{sh -} {cm a}{sh asterisk}+5 volts
16030 PRINT"{sh asterisk*2}Q.{sh -} {sh -}
16040 PRINT" {cm a}{cm e*3}{sh asterisk}{cm e}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}
16050 PRINT" {sh -}FF{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}"
16060 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}ceR{space*5}{cm q}..port a"
16070 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}r/w{space*5}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}"
16080 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}clock{space*3}{sh -}{space*2}{F*4}"
16090 PRINT" {sh -}{F*3}{space*5}{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk}flag"
16100 PRINT"{arrow left}{cm w}irq{space*5}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}sp "
16110 PRINT" {sh -}{space*4}{reverse on}cia{reverse off} {cm q}{sh asterisk*2}cnt"
16120 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a3{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}pc"
16130 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a2{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}"
16140 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a1{space*6}{cm q}..port b"
16150 PRINT"{sh asterisk}{cm w}a0{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}
16160 PRINT" {cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*4}{cm r}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x}
16170 PRINT"{space*2}^{space*4}{sh -}
16180 PRINT" {F*5} ground"
16190 PRINT" reset
16200 RETURN
17000 PRINT"{home}{space*7}+5 volts"
17001 PRINT"{space*12}{sh -}"
17002 PRINT"{space*4}{cm a}{sh asterisk*7}{cm e}{sh asterisk*19}{cm s}
17003 PRINT"out{arrow left}{cm w}loram=bit0{space*2}cass write=bit3{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}out"
17004 PRINT"out{arrow left}{cm w}hiram=bit1{space*2}cass sense=bit4{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk}in"
17005 PRINT"out{arrow left}{cm w}charen=bit2{sh space}cass motor=bit5{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}out"
17006 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*27}{sh -}
17007 PRINT"{space*3}{arrow left}{cm w}phase 2 clk{space*5}address bus{cm q}{sh asterisk}(16)"
17008 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*19}data bus{cm q}{sh asterisk}(8)"
17009 PRINT"{space*3}{arrow left}{cm w}read/write{space*14}{F*3}{sh -}"
17010 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*24}irq{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk*2}"
17011 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*12}{reverse on}6510{reverse off}{space*8}{F*3}{sh -}"
17012 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*24}nmi{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk*2}"
17013 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*22}{F*5}{sh -}"
17014 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*22}reset{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk*2}"
17015 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*27}{sh -}
17016 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*16}phase 0 clk{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk*2}"
17017 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*27}{sh -}
17018 PRINT"{space*4}{sh -}{space*22}ready{cm q}{arrow left}{sh asterisk*2}"
17019 PRINT"{space*4}{cm z}{sh asterisk*15}{cm r}{sh asterisk*6}{cm r}{sh asterisk*4}{cm x}"
17020 PRINT"{space*20}{sh -}{space*6}^"
17021 PRINT"{space*18}ground{space*2}aec"
17100 RETURN
18000 PRINT"{clear}{cm a}{sh asterisk*11}{cm s}
18001 PRINT"{sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk*9}{cm s}{sh -}
18002 PRINT"{sh -*2}{cm a}{sh asterisk*6}{cm s} {sh -*2}
18003 PRINT"{sh -}{cm z}{cm w}{space*6}{cm q}Q{sh +*2}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}
18004 PRINT"{sh -} {sh -}{space*6}{cm q}{cm x}{sh -*2}{space*3}{sh -}
18005 PRINT"{cm z}{sh asterisk}{cm w} data {cm q}Q{sh +*2}{sh asterisk*2}{cm s}{sh -}
18006 PRINT"{space*2}{sh -}select{cm q}{cm x}{sh -*2}{space*2}{sh -*2}
18007 PRINT"{cm a}{sh asterisk}{cm w}(neg) {cm q}{sh asterisk}{sh +*2}{sh asterisk}{cm s}{sh -*2}
18008 PRINT"{sh -} {sh -}(out){sh space}{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{sh -} {sh -*3}{space*4}{sh -}
18009 PRINT"{sh -}{cm a}{cm w}{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{sh +}{cm s}{sh -*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*4}{cm w}a7
18010 PRINT"{sh -*3}{space*6}{cm q}{sh asterisk*2}{cm x}{sh -*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*5}{cm w}a6
18011 PRINT"{sh -*2}{cm z}{sh asterisk*4}{cm r}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{F*3}{sh -*2}{space*6}{sh -}
18012 PRINT"{sh -*2}{space*5}^{space*2}a15{cm x}{sh -}{space*6}{sh -}{space*2}vic
18013 PRINT"{sh -*2}{space*5}{sh -}{space*2}{F*3} {sh -}{space*6}{sh -}
18014 PRINT"{sh -}{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s} {sh -}{space*2}a14{sh asterisk}{cm x}{space*6}{sh -}{F*3}
18015 PRINT"{cm z}{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}{sh -} {cm z}{sh asterisk*13}{cm w}cas
18016 PRINT"{sh asterisk*3}{cm s}{sh -*2}{space*15}{sh -}
18017 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{cm x}{sh -}{space*15}{sh -}
18018 PRINT"64k{cm q}{sh asterisk}{cm x}{space*15}{sh -}
18019 PRINT"ram{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a5/a13
18020 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a4/a12
18021 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a3/a11
18022 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a2/a10
18023 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a1/a9
18024 PRINT"{space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk*17}{cm w}a0/a8{home}"
18025 RETURN
19000 PRINT"{home}{space*6}8 wires{space*2}{sh asterisk}Q{sh asterisk}"
19010 PRINT"{space*2}of data bus{sh asterisk}Q{sh +*2} {cm a}{sh asterisk*2}+12 volts"
19020 PRINT"{space*14}{sh -}.{sh -} {sh -}{cm a}{sh asterisk}+5 volts"
19030 PRINT"{space*12}{cm a}{sh asterisk}{cm e*3}{sh asterisk}{cm e*2}{sh asterisk}{cm s}
19040 PRINT"{reverse on}{space*3}8 wires {reverse off}{sh asterisk}{cm w}a7{space*4}{sh space*2}{cm q}{sh asterisk}luminance
19050 PRINT"{reverse on}{space*4}of{space*5}{reverse off}.{cm w}{-*5}{sh space*3}{sh -}
19060 PRINT"{reverse on}address bus{reverse off}{sh asterisk}{cm w}a0/a8{sh space*3}{cm q}{sh asterisk}colour
19070 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{sh -}
19080 PRINT"{space*6}ras {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}
19090 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}
19100 PRINT"{space*6}cas {arrow left}{sh asterisk}{cm w}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}
19110 PRINT"{space*6}{F*3}{space*3}{sh -}{space*8}{cm q}{sh asterisk}
19120 RETURN
50000 GETa$:IFa$<>""THEN50000
50001 GETa$:IFa$=""THEN50001
50002 IFa$="@"THEN63500
50003 RETURN
51000 n=3
51001 x$="":FORu=nTO0STEP-1:x%=x/(2^u):x=x-x%*(2^u):x$=x$+CHR$(48+x%)
51002 NEXT:RETURN
52000 m=3
52001 y$="":FORv=mTO0STEP-1:y%=y/(16^v):y=y-y%*(16^v)
52002 y$=y$+CHR$(48+y%-7*(y%>9)):NEXT:RETURN
54300 PRINTLEFT$(d$,y)RIGHT$(r$,x)m$:RETURN
54310 sm$=m$:m$=MID$(m$,2):GOSUB54300:m$=sm$:RETURN
63000 PRINT"{clear}";
63001 l=LEN(t$):uu$="":FORi=1TOl:uu$=uu$+" ":NEXT:tt$=uu$+t$
63002 PRINT" {cm a}";:FORi=1TOl:PRINT"{sh asterisk}";:NEXT:PRINT"{cm s}"
63003 PRINT" {sh -}";:FORi=1TOl:PRINT" ";:NEXT:PRINT"{reverse off}{sh -}"
63004 PRINT" {cm z}";:FORi=1TOl:PRINT"{sh asterisk}";:NEXT:PRINT"{cm x}":PRINT"{up*2}{right*2}{reverse on}{red}";
63005 FORi=1TOl:PRINTMID$(tt$,i+1,l):PRINT"{up}{right*2}{reverse on}";:FORt=1TO50:NEXT
63006 NEXT:PRINT"{black}":RETURN
63100 bt$="{home}{down*24}"
63101 pt$="{red}{cm a}{sh asterisk*10}{cm s}{down}{left*12}{sh -}{right*10}{sh -}{down}{left*12}{cm z}{cm r}{sh asterisk*8}{cm r}{cm x}"
63102 pt$=pt$+"{down}{left*13}N{cm t*12}M{down}{left*14}{cm g}{=*12}{cm m}"
63103 pt$=pt$+"{down}{left*14}PO{cm t*10}PO{up*4}{left*12}"
63104 pt$=bt$+"{up*6}{right*26}"+pt$+"{black}"
63106 IFbp=0THENDIMb$(23):bp=1
63107 pp=50:b0=0:b1=23
63108 d$="{home}":FORi=1TO25:d$=d$+"{down}":NEXT
63109 r$="":FORi=1TO40:r$=r$+"{right}":NEXT
63198 sn=1030:IFPEEK(0)=47THENsn=2054
63199 RETURN
63200 FORi=1TO2:PRINTpt$"{space*10}"
63201 FORt=1TO50:NEXT
63202 PRINTpt$ms$
63203 FORt=1TO50:NEXT:NEXT:RETURN
63300 GOSUB63200:FORt=1TO1000:NEXT:RETURN
63500 vs=VAL(sn$):vs=vs-1000:IFvs<1000THENvs=100
63510 sn$=MID$(STR$(vs),2):sn$=RIGHT$("{0*5}"+sn$,5):GOSUB63520:RUN
63520 GOSUB63198:FORi=1TO5:POKEsn+i-1,ASC(MID$(sn$,i,1)):NEXT:RETURN
stop tok64
(bastext 1.0)